PIONEER 10
(prototype)
First Spacecraft to Venture Beyond the Planets
Pioneer
10, launched March 3, 1972, was the first spacecraft to fly by Jupiter,
the largest planet in the Solar System. On December 3, 1973, it passed within
131,000 kilometers (82,000) miles of Jupiter and sent photographs and
scientific information back to Earth 800 million kilometers (515 million miles)
away.
In June 1983, Pioneer 10 reached a distance beyond all known planets, and it
now transmits information about the interstellar space environment. Pioneer 10
carries a
plaque designed to inform any intelligent extraterrestrial life that may
find it about the spacecraft and its point of origin.
Transferred from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Length: |
2.9 m (9 ft 6 in) |
Diameter (dish antenna): |
2.7 m (9 ft) |
Weight: |
258 kg (568 lb) |
Manufacturer: |
TRW, Inc., for NASA |
Launch vehicle: |
Atlas Centaur |