Aiming at the Heavens
With the newfound power and guidance combination of the Atlas-Agena
system, we now had the ability to successfully aim unmanned exploratory
missions at other worlds. Teams of scientists who could explore the heavens
with telescopes until now, set about building <b>Robot Scouts</b> to extend our
curious eyes and ears into space.
In January 1962, the Atlas-Agena launched Ranger 3 and sent
it racing toward the Moon. The plan was to capture and send home pictures of
the Moon until impact with the lunar surface. But Ranger 3 missed the target
and headed for the Sun. There were eight missions in the Ranger program. They
sent back more than 11,000 detailed pictures of the Lunar surface, including
close-ups of the Sea of Tranquility where Apollo 11 would touch down in
1969.
ROCKET DATA: Atlas-Agena
Height: 27.7 meters (91 feet)
Diameter: 3 meters (10 feet)
Diameter AGENA: 1.5 meters (5 feet)
ATLAS propellants: Liquid Oxygen and RD-1[sic]